A Literary Analysis of Lyric Elements in Nezami’s Poem Khosrow and Shirin

Abstract

Nezami Ganjavi’s Khosrow and Shirin stands as one of the most distinguished lyrical works in classical Persian literature, intertwining poetic expression with complex narrative structure to depict themes of love within an epic framework. This article analyzes the lyrical elements in the poem, focusing on the depiction of nature, characterization of the lover and beloved, lyrical dialogues, and secondary poetic components such as prayers, laments, music, and elegy. The findings reveal that Nezami utilizes a musical language, vivid imagery, and emotional structures not only to narrate love but also to elevate it into a profound, multidimensional, and sometimes mystical experience. The character of Farhad, as a symbol of pure and selfless love, enriches the poem’s emotional depth and culminates its lyrical essence through his tragic death. Descriptions of nature, feasts, flirtation, union and separation, and romantic death all contribute to the creation of a deeply lyrical structure. The study concludes that Khosrow and Shirin transcends a conventional romantic tale and serves as a complete model of Persian lyrical poetry, transforming the theme of love from narrative content into a realm of feeling and meaning.