The theory of differential coexistence in the mirror of Saadi's Golestan

Abstract

This study analyzes the social relationships and associations of the characters in Saadi's Golestan from the perspective of Edwin Sutherland's differential association theory. Differential association theory emphasizes that social behaviors, especially deviant ones, are formed through interactions and learning from peers. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of the social environment and human relationships on the behavior of the characters and to present models for the social prevention of crime. Using the content analysis method, this study has examined Saadi's Golestan anecdotes from the perspective of criminology and the impact of social relationships on the behavior of the characters. The results of the study show that positive social environments and associations guide the characters towards moral and social behaviors, while corrupt environments lead to deviant behaviors. These findings emphasize that Saadi's teachings can be effective in preventing crime and promoting positive social relationships in today's society. Analysis of the anecdotes shows that Saadi paid particular attention to the determining role of the environment and companions in shaping the personality and behavior of individuals.